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As the researchers noted, they used the available data to identify the parts of the human genome associated with whether a person would be inclined to drink coffee. After that, they identified directly the genes and biological processes that might underlie this habit.
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The final analysis included data from the UK Biobank, as well as US-based DNA diagnostic company 23andMe. Scientists found a direct link between gene variants and coffee consumption, but many of these genes were also associated with an increased risk of obesity and to substance abuse.